The aim of the study was to report the etiology, pattern, and spectrum of ocular injuries in patients with maxillofacial injuries seen at a tertiary care hospital in northern Nigeria.
This is a retrospective evaluation of the etiology, spectrum, and treatment of ocular injures seen in patients with midfacial fractures, who presented at Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Shika-Zaria, Nigeria, a tertiary care hospital in northern Nigeria. Cases were seen at the oral and maxillofacial clinic for those presenting with midfacial fractures, whereas those presenting with ocular injuries due to midfacial injuries were referred from the ophthalmology department. Data were collected on their demographics, etiology of injuries, body part(s) involved, and treatment.
A total of 256 patients had midfacial injuries during the period, of which 219 patients had 357 associated ocular injuries. The age range was between 3 and 76 years. There were more males (83.8%) than females (16.2%), giving a male-to-female rat Treatment often involved reduction and immobilization of midface fractures with evisceration and grafting of ocular tissues.
Ocular injuries are quite common in patients with midfacial injuries, with a ratio of 1.61. RTA was the most common etiology, with zygomatic complex fractures as the most common midfacial injury. Subconjunctival hemorrhage was the most common ocular injury manifestation, with young adults (21-30 years of age) being most affected. Treatment often involved reduction and immobilization of midface fractures with evisceration and grafting of ocular tissues.The aim of this study was to evaluate outcomes, survival, patterns of recurrence, and morbidity in both early and recurrent operable cervical cancer patients following radical hysterectomy, pelvic lymph node dissection, and adjuvant radiotherapy.
This was a prospective analysis of 55 patients of stage IA-IIA and recurrent operable cervical cancer treated with radical hysterectomy, pelvic lymphadenectomy, and adjuvant radiotherapy from 2014 to 2017. Overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), morbidity, and mortality rates were the end points of this study. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meir method.
The median age of the study group was 45 years (range 18-68 years). The most common presentation was stage IB2 disease in 34.5% of patients. Fifty (90%) patients had squamous histology, whereas 5 (9.1%) had adenocarcinoma. Upfront radical hysterectomy was performed in 90.9% of patients, whereas 9.1% underwent surgery for recurrent cervical cancer. The most common indication for adjuvant radiotherapy was lymph node involvement, followed by parametrium involvement in 20% and 13% patients, respectively. Median follow-up period was 48 months (range 6-60 months). https://www.selleckchem.com/products/odm208.html The OS and DFS rates were 85.0% and 81.8%, respectively. The most frequent complication encountered was paralytic ileus in 4 (7.2%) patients.
Radical hysterectomy with pelvic lymphadenectomy for early cervical cancer has a favorable survival outcome with acceptable long-term morbidity.
Radical hysterectomy with pelvic lymphadenectomy for early cervical cancer has a favorable survival outcome with acceptable long-term morbidity.Prostate cancer has an increasing global burden. The clinical course varies from an indolent disease to a rapidly aggressive cancer. It is associated with higher mortality in less developed nations due to late presentation. The Gleason scoring system for prostatic adenocarcinoma has prognostic implications in diagnosed cases. Obesity has been associated with the evolution of many cancers including prostate cancer. There are conflicting reports on the relationship between obesity, as measured by body mass index (BMI), and prostate cancer aggressiveness, as measured by Gleason score. This study is aimed to determine if a correlation exists between BMI and Gleason score in men with prostate cancer.
This was a prospective, hospital-based, cross-sectional study involving consecutive patients with prostate cancer. Clinical evaluation including anthropometry, digital rectal examination, and relevant investigations were done for each patient and data collected with pro forma. This was followed by prostate needle biopsy and those diagnosed with adenocarcinoma of the prostate had their Gleason grades and scores obtained. Data were analyzed statistically using Spearman Correlation.
The mean age of the patients was 69.54 ± 8.61 years (range 47-83 years). The BMI ranged from 16.98 to 36.45 kg/m, with a mean of 27.03 ± 5.03 kg/m. Twenty-six of the patients (36.1%) were overweight and 34.7% were obese. The mean total prostate-specific antigen was 118.65 ± 84.43 ng/ml, with a range of 31-406 ng/ml. The modal Gleason score was 9 with a range of 4-10. There was a strong positive correlation between BMI and Gleason score (= 0.817, = 0.0003).
The BMI of patients with prostate cancer correlated positively with their Gleason score.
The BMI of patients with prostate cancer correlated positively with their Gleason score.Acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI) is the sudden onset of small intestinal hypoperfusion, which can be due to reduction or cessation of arterial inflow. It can be embolic or thrombotic. AMI is a potentially fatal vascular emergency, with overall mortality of 60%-80%. The present study was designed to study presentation, risk factors, and various outcomes of AMI patients, who were treated in the tertiary hospital.
All patients with features suggestive of AMI were taken in study. All patients underwent explorative laparotomy with exteriorization of bowel after initial resuscitation. Postoperatively, refeeding enteroclysis was done.
The total mortality rate was 62.50%. In patients with functional bowel length of 1 foot, 90.90% patients died. In patients with functional bowel length of 5-6 feet, only 12.50% died. It was observed that the mortality rate was more in the age group of 50-59 years with functional bowel length of 1 foot or &lt;1 foot. Refeeding enteroclysis is an effective technique to use distal bowel. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography of the abdomen more suggestive of this pathology.
A strong clinical suspicion and an aggressive approach should be considered in dealing with this condition because the outcome mainly depends on rapid diagnosis and treatment. With understanding of the pathogenesis of AMI and the better utilization of available radiological investigations, an improved outcome can be achieved. Mortality rates with refeeding enteroclysis are comparable with that of bowel anastomosis. This condition needs future research.
A strong clinical suspicion and an aggressive approach should be considered in dealing with this condition because the outcome mainly depends on rapid diagnosis and treatment. With understanding of the pathogenesis of AMI and the better utilization of available radiological investigations, an improved outcome can be achieved. Mortality rates with refeeding enteroclysis are comparable with that of bowel anastomosis. This condition needs future research.